May 4, 2023 - 10-Q: Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, DC 20549

FORM 10-Q


☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2023


☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission file number 001-07349

BALL CORPORATION

State of Indiana

(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or
organization)

35-0160610

(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

9200 West 108th Circle

Westminster, CO

(Address of registrant’s principal executive office)

80021

(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: 303/469-3131

Securities registered pursuant to section 12(b) of the Act:

Class		Trading Symbol		Name of Exchange		Outstanding at April 30, 2023
Common Stock, without par value		BALL		NYSE		314,547,603 shares

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer ☒	Accelerated filer ◻
Non-accelerated filer ◻	Smaller reporting company◻
	Emerging growth company ◻

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ⌧

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Ball Corporation

QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q

For the period ended March 31, 2023

INDEX

		Page Number
PART I.	FINANCIAL INFORMATION	1
Item 1.	Financial Statements	1
	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022	1
	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Earnings (Loss) for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022	2
	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022	3
	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022	4
	Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
	Note 1. Basis of Presentation	5
	Note 2. Accounting Pronouncements	6
	Note 3. Business Segment Information	6
	Note 4. Acquisitions and Dispositions	8
	Note 5. Revenue from Contracts with Customers	8
	Note 6. Business Consolidation and Other Activities	10
	Note 7. Supplemental Cash Flow Statement Disclosures	10
	Note 8. Receivables, Net	11
	Note 9. Inventories, Net	11
	Note 10. Property, Plant and Equipment, Net	11
	Note 11. Goodwill	12
	Note 12. Intangible Assets, Net	12
	Note 13. Other Assets	12
	Note 14. Leases	13
	Note 15. Debt	13
	Note 16. Taxes on Income	14
	Note 17. Employee Benefit Obligations	14
	Note 18. Equity and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Earnings (Loss)	15
	Note 19. Earnings and Dividends Per Share	16
	Note 20. Financial Instruments and Risk Management	16
	Note 21. Contingencies	21
	Note 22. Indemnifications and Guarantees	23
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	24
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	33
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	34
PART II.	OTHER INFORMATION	34

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

BALL CORPORATION

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS


	Three Months Ended March 31,
($ in millions, except per share amounts)	2023		2022

Net sales	$	3,489	$	3,716

Costs and expenses
Cost of sales (excluding depreciation and amortization)		(2,845)		(3,016)
Depreciation and amortization		(166)		(185)
Selling, general and administrative		(131)		(186)
Business consolidation and other activities		(20)		281
		(3,162)		(3,106)

Earnings before interest and taxes		327		610

Interest expense		(113)		(69)
Earnings before taxes		214		541
Tax (provision) benefit		(41)		(100)
Equity in results of affiliates, net of tax		7		6
Net earnings		180		447
Net earnings (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests		3		1
Net earnings attributable to Ball Corporation	$	177	$	446


Earnings per share:
Basic	$	0.56	$	1.39
Diluted	$	0.56	$	1.37


Weighted average shares outstanding: (000s)
Basic		314,236		320,904
Diluted		316,667		325,916

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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BALL CORPORATION

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE EARNINGS (LOSS)


	Three Months Ended March 31,
($ in millions)	2023		2022

Net earnings	$	180	$	447

Other comprehensive earnings (loss):
Currency translation adjustment		20		(92)
Pension and other postretirement benefits		1		8
Derivatives designated as hedges		29		67
Total other comprehensive earnings (loss)		50		(17)
Income tax (provision) benefit		(8)		(12)
Total other comprehensive earnings (loss), net of tax		42		(29)

Total comprehensive earnings		222		418
Comprehensive earnings (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests		3		1
Comprehensive earnings attributable to Ball Corporation	$	219	$	417

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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BALL CORPORATION

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS


	March 31,		December 31,
($ in millions)	2023		2022

Assets
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	572	$	548
Receivables, net		2,561		2,594
Inventories, net		2,191		2,179
Other current assets		183		168
Total current assets		5,507		5,489
Noncurrent assets
Property, plant and equipment, net		7,203		7,053
Goodwill		4,255		4,235
Intangible assets, net		1,389		1,417
Other assets		1,755		1,715
Total assets	$	20,109	$	19,909

Liabilities and Equity
Current liabilities
Short-term debt and current portion of long-term debt	$	2,356	$	1,408
Accounts payable		3,647		4,383
Accrued employee costs		250		236
Other current liabilities		967		981
Total current liabilities		7,220		7,008
Noncurrent liabilities
Long-term debt		7,322		7,540
Employee benefit obligations		824		847
Deferred taxes		547		540
Other liabilities		488		447
Total liabilities		16,401		16,382

Equity
Common stock (682,416,161 shares issued - 2023; 682,144,408 shares issued - 2022)		1,268		1,260
Retained earnings		7,422		7,309
Accumulated other comprehensive earnings (loss)		(637)		(679)
Treasury stock, at cost (367,929,021 shares - 2023; 368,036,369 shares - 2022)		(4,414)		(4,429)
Total Ball Corporation shareholders' equity		3,639		3,461
Noncontrolling interests		69		66
Total equity		3,708		3,527
Total liabilities and equity	$	20,109	$	19,909

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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BALL CORPORATION

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS


	Three Months Ended March 31,
($ in millions)	2023		2022

Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net earnings	$	180	$	447
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		166		185
Business consolidation and other activities		20		(281)
Deferred tax provision (benefit)		—		48
Pension contributions		(4)		(104)
Other, net		49		(95)
Changes in working capital components, net of dispositions		(686)		(1,004)
Cash provided by (used in) operating activities		(275)		(804)

Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Capital expenditures		(343)		(362)
Business dispositions, net of cash sold		—		298
Other, net		7		18
Cash provided by (used in) investing activities		(336)		(46)

Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Net change in long-term borrowings		599		600
Net change in short-term borrowings		101		277
Acquisitions of treasury stock		(3)		(98)
Common stock dividends		(63)		(65)
Other, net		15		1
Cash provided by (used in) financing activities		649		715

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash		(2)		2

Change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		36		(133)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash - beginning of period		558		579
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash - end of period	$	594	$	446

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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1. Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements (consolidated financial statements) include the accounts of Ball Corporation and its controlled affiliates, including its consolidated variable interest entities (collectively Ball, the company, we or our), and have been prepared by the company. Certain information and footnote disclosures, including critical and significant accounting policies normally included in consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, have been condensed or omitted for this quarterly presentation.

Results of operations for the periods shown are not necessarily indicative of results for the year, particularly in view of the seasonality in the packaging segments and the variability of contract sales in the company’s aerospace segment. These consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in the company’s 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on February 21, 2023, pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 (annual report).

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP) requires Ball’s management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. These estimates are based on historical experience and various assumptions believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Ball’s management evaluates these estimates on an ongoing basis and adjusts or revises the estimates as circumstances change. As future events and their impacts cannot be determined with precision, actual results may differ from these estimates. In the opinion of management, the consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments that are of a normal recurring nature and are necessary to fairly state the results of the periods presented.

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified in order to conform to the current year presentation.

Risks and Uncertainties

Global Economic Environment

Recent data has indicated a sharp rise in inflation in the regions where we operate. Current and future inflationary effects may continue to be impacted by, among other things, supply chain disruptions, governmental stimulus or fiscal policies, changes in interest rates, and changing demand for certain goods and services as recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic continues. We cannot predict with any certainty the impact that rising interest rates, a global or any regional recession, or higher inflation may have on our customers or suppliers. Additionally, we are unable to predict the potential effects that any future pandemic, or the continuation or escalation of the military conflict between Russia and Ukraine, and related sanctions or market disruptions, may have on our business. It remains uncertain how long any of these conditions may last or how severe any of them may become.

Ball management has reviewed the estimates used in preparing the company’s consolidated financial statements and the following have a reasonably possible likelihood of being affected, to a material extent, by the direct and indirect impacts of the current global economic environment in the near term.

●

Estimates regarding the future financial performance of the business used in the impairment tests for goodwill, long-lived assets, equity method investments, recoverability of deferred tax assets and estimates regarding cash needs and associated indefinite reinvestment assertions;

●

Estimates of recoverability for customer receivables;

●

Estimates of net realizable value for inventory; and

●

Estimates regarding the likelihood of forecasted transactions associated with hedge accounting positions at March 31, 2023, which could impact the company’s ability to satisfy hedge accounting requirements and result in the recognition of income and/or expenses.

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In addition to the above potential impacts on the estimates used in preparing the financial statements, the current global economic environment has the potential to increase Ball’s vulnerabilities to near-term severe impacts related to certain concentrations in its business. In line with other companies in the packaging and aerospace industries, Ball makes the majority of its sales and significant purchases to or from a relatively small number of global, or large regional, customers and suppliers. Furthermore, Ball makes the majority of its sales from a small number of product lines. The potential of the current global economic environment to affect a significant customer or supplier, or to affect demand for certain products to a significant degree, heightens the vulnerability of Ball to these concentrations.

2. Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

Supplier Finance Programs

In 2022, new guidance was issued by the FASB with the goal of enhancing transparency around supplier finance programs. On January 1, 2023, Ball adopted all required disclosures effective for 2023, on a retrospective basis. The company will adopt the rollforward disclosure requirements, on a prospective basis, when they become effective in 2024.

The company has several regional supplier finance programs, all of which have substantially similar characteristics, with various financial institutions that act as the paying agent for certain payables of the company. The company establishes these programs through agreements with the financial institutions to enable more efficient payment processing to our suppliers while also providing our suppliers a potential source of liquidity to the extent they enter into a factoring agreement with the financial institutions. Our suppliers’ participation in the programs is voluntary, and the company is not involved in negotiations of the suppliers’ arrangements with the financial institutions to sell their receivables, and our rights and obligations to our suppliers are not impacted by our suppliers’ decisions to sell amounts under these programs. Under these supplier finance programs, the company pays the financial institutions the stated amount of confirmed invoices from its participating suppliers on the original maturity dates of the invoices, which vary based on the negotiated terms with each supplier. All payment terms are short-term in nature and are not dependent on whether the suppliers participate in the supplier finance programs or if the suppliers elect to receive early payment from the financial institutions. Our supplier finance programs do not include any of the following: guarantees to the financial institutions, assets pledged as securities or interest accruing on the obligation prior to the due date.

Based on the review of the facts and circumstances of our supplier finance programs, including but not limited to those noted above, the company has concluded that the characteristics of the obligations due under our supplier finance programs have not changed and remain those of standard accounts payables, rather than indicative of debt.

The amount of obligations outstanding that the company confirmed as valid to the financial institutions under the company's programs was $608 million and $930 million at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. These amounts are classified within accounts payable on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets, and the associated payments are reflected in the cash flows from operating activities section of the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.

3. Business Segment Information

Ball’s operations are organized and reviewed by management along its product lines and geographical areas and presented in the four reportable segments outlined below.

Beverage packaging, North and Central America: Consists of operations in the U.S., Canada and Mexico that manufacture and sell aluminum beverage containers throughout those countries.

Beverage packaging, EMEA: Consists of operations in numerous countries throughout Europe, as well as Egypt and Turkey, that manufacture and sell aluminum beverage containers throughout those countries. Ball sold its former operations located in Russia during the third quarter of 2022. See Note 4 for further details. Ball’s operations and results of its former Russian aluminum beverage packaging business are included in the results of the beverage packaging, EMEA, business through the date of the disposal in the third quarter of 2022.

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Beverage packaging, South America: Consists of operations in Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay and Chile that manufacture and sell aluminum beverage containers throughout most of South America.

Aerospace: Consists of operations that manufacture and sell aerospace and other related products and provide services used in the defense, civil space and commercial space industries.

As presented in the table below, Other consists of a non-reportable operating segment (beverage packaging, other) that manufactures and sells aluminum beverage containers in India, Saudi Arabia and throughout the Asia Pacific region; a non-reportable operating segment that manufactures and sells extruded aluminum aerosol containers and recloseable aluminum bottles across multiple consumer categories as well as aluminum slugs (aerosol packaging) throughout North America, South America, Europe, and Asia; a non-reportable operating segment that manufactures and sells aluminum cups (aluminum cups); undistributed corporate expenses; and intercompany eliminations and other business activities.

The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those used in the consolidated financial statements, as discussed in Note 1. The company also has investments in operations in Guatemala, Panama, the U.S. and Vietnam that are accounted for under the equity method of accounting and, accordingly, those results are not included in segment sales or earnings. In the first quarter of 2022, Ball sold its remaining equity method investment in Ball Metalpack. Refer to Note 4 for additional details.

Summary of Business by Segment


	Three Months Ended March 31,
($ in millions)	2023		2022

Net sales
Beverage packaging, North and Central America	$	1,504	$	1,609
Beverage packaging, EMEA		834		942
Beverage packaging, South America		450		494
Aerospace		508		504
Reportable segment sales		3,296		3,549
Other		193		167
Net sales	$	3,489	$	3,716

Comparable operating earnings
Beverage packaging, North and Central America	$	183	$	174
Beverage packaging, EMEA		73		100
Beverage packaging, South America		50		78
Aerospace		60		43
Reportable segment comparable operating earnings		366		395
Reconciling items
Other (a)		15		(29)
Business consolidation and other activities		(20)		281
Amortization of acquired intangibles		(34)		(37)
Earnings before interest and taxes		327		610
Interest expense		(113)		(69)
Earnings before taxes	$	214	$	541

(a)	Includes undistributed corporate expenses, net, of $10 million and $33 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

The company does not disclose total assets by segment as such information is not provided to the chief operating decision maker.

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4. Acquisitions and Dispositions

Russia

In the first quarter of 2022, the company announced that it was pursuing the sale of its aluminum beverage packaging business located in Russia. In the second quarter of 2022, Ball experienced deteriorating conditions and determined this constituted a triggering event for its Russian long-lived asset group. As a result, Ball recorded an impairment loss of $435 million during the second quarter of 2022. In the third quarter of 2022, the company completed the sale of its Russian aluminum beverage packaging business for total cash consideration of $530 million and recorded a gain on disposal of $222 million. When considering the impairment loss recorded during the second quarter 2022 of $435 million, the impairment loss net of gain on the sale of the Russian business was $213 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, and for the year ended December 31, 2022. The impairment loss in the second quarter and the gain on sale in the third quarter were recorded in business consolidation and other activities in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of earnings.

In connection with this sale, Ball entered into a call option agreement that is contingently exercisable between September 2025 and September 2032, and if it becomes exercisable, will provide Ball the right to repurchase the business subject to the status of sanctions and certain other contingencies outside of Ball’s control. The option price, if exercised, would provide a customary compounded annual rate of return to the purchaser based on defined cash flows associated with the purchase and operation of the business from the purchase date through the exercise date of the option. Because the option strike price could limit the residual returns generated by the purchaser, if exercised, the option represents a variable interest retained by Ball in the Russian business. Based on the terms of the option relative to current market conditions in Russia, we determined that the option had an immaterial value at the date of sale. Neither the option nor any other terms in the sales agreement result in Ball being the primary beneficiary of the business and, therefore, it was deconsolidated.

Ball Metalpack Investment

During the first quarter of 2022, Ball sold its remaining 49 percent owned equity method investment in Ball Metalpack to Sonoco, a global provider of consumer, industrial, healthcare and protective packaging, for total consideration of approximately $305 million, net of customary closing adjustments, of which $298 million in cash was received in the first quarter of 2022. Ball’s carrying value of the investment before the sale was zero; therefore, a gain from the sale, net of customary closing adjustments, of $305 million was reported in business consolidation and other activities in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of earnings. This gain from the sale was adjusted in the second quarter of 2022 to $298 million. Cash proceeds of $298 million related to the sale are presented in business dispositions, net of cash sold, in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.

Ball also received proceeds from Ball Metalpack for the repayment of an outstanding promissory note and accrued interest of approximately $16 million, which was recorded as a gain in business consolidation and other activities in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of earnings.

5. Revenue from Contracts with Customers

The following table disaggregates the company’s net sales based on the timing of transfer of control:


	($ in millions)
Three Months Ended March 31,	Point in Time		Over Time		Total

2023	$	544	$	2,945	$	3,489
2022		601		3,115		3,716

Contract Balances

The company did not have any contract assets at either March 31, 2023, or December 31, 2022. Unbilled receivables, which are not classified as contract assets, represent arrangements in which sales have been recorded prior to billing and right to payment is unconditional.

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The opening and closing balances of the company’s current and noncurrent contract liabilities are as follows:


	Contract		Contract
	Liabilities		Liabilities
($ in millions)	(Current)		(Noncurrent)

Balance at December 31, 2022	$	316	$	12
Increase (decrease)		(12)		48
Balance at March 31, 2023	$	304	$	60

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, contract liabilities increased by $36 million, which is net of cash received of $258 million and amounts recognized as sales of $222 million, the majority of which related to current contract liabilities. The amount of sales recognized in the three months ended March 31, 2023, that was included in the opening contract liabilities balance, was $222 million, all of which related to current contract liabilities. Current contract liabilities are classified within other current liabilities on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets and noncurrent contract liabilities are classified within other liabilities.

The company also recognized net sales of $16 million and $9 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023, and 2022, respectively, from performance obligations satisfied (or partially satisfied) in prior periods. These sales amounts are the result of changes in the transaction price of the company’s contracts with customers.

Transaction Price Allocated to Remaining Performance Obligations

The table below discloses: (1) the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) as of the end of the reporting period for contracts with an original duration of greater than one year, and (2) when the company expects to record sales on these multi-year contracts.


($ in millions)	Next Twelve Months		Thereafter		Total

Sales expected to be recognized on multi-year contracts in place as of March 31, 2023	$	1,370	$	1,317	$	2,687

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6. Business Consolidation and Other Activities

Following is a summary of business consolidation and other activity (charges)/income included in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of earnings:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
($ in millions)	2023		2022

Beverage packaging, North and Central America	$	(22)	$	1
Beverage packaging, EMEA		5		(1)
Beverage packaging, South America		(2)		(1)
Other		(1)		282
	$	(20)	$	281

2023

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the charges of $20 million primarily related to facility closure costs.

2022

During the three months ended March 31, 2022, the income of $281 million is primarily related to a gain of $305 million for the sale of Ball’s remaining equity method investment in Ball Metalpack, partially offset by a charge related to a donation of $30 million to The Ball Foundation and other items. See Note 4 for further details on the sale of Ball Metalpack.

7.	Supplemental Cash Flow Statement Disclosures


	March 31,
($ in millions)	2023		2022

Beginning of period:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	548	$	563
Current restricted cash (included in other current assets)		10		16
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	558	$	579

End of period:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	572	$	437
Current restricted cash (included in other current assets)		22		9
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	594	$	446

The company’s restricted cash is primarily related to receivables factoring programs and represents amounts collected from customers that have not yet been remitted to the banks as of the end of the reporting period.

Noncash investing activities include the acquisition of property, plant and equipment (PP&E) for which payment has not been made. These noncash capital expenditures are excluded from the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. A summary of the PP&E acquired but not yet paid for is as follows:


	March 31,
($ in millions)	2023		2022

Beginning of period:
PP&E acquired but not yet paid	$	392	$	540

End of period:
PP&E acquired but not yet paid	$	321	$	528

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8. Receivables, Net


	March 31,		December 31,
($ in millions)	2023		2022

Trade accounts receivable	$	1,260	$	1,373
Unbilled receivables		824		746
Less: Allowance for doubtful accounts		(12)		(12)
Net trade accounts receivable		2,072		2,107
Other receivables		489		487
	$	2,561	$	2,594

The company has entered into several regional committed and uncommitted accounts receivable factoring programs with various financial institutions for certain receivables of the company. The programs are accounted for as true sales of the receivables and had combined limits of approximately $1.96 billion and $2.04 billion at March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, respectively. A total of $383 million and $488 million were available for sale under these programs as of March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, respectively.

Other receivables include income and indirect tax receivables, aluminum scrap sale receivables and other miscellaneous receivables.

9. Inventories, Net


	March 31,		December 31,
($ in millions)	2023		2022

Raw materials and supplies	$	1,453	$	1,541
Work-in-process and finished goods		828		729
Less: Inventory reserves		(90)		(91)
	$	2,191	$	2,179

10. Property, Plant and Equipment, Net


	March 31,		December 31,
($ in millions)	2023		2022

Land	$	189	$	187
Buildings		2,185		2,159
Machinery and equipment		7,397		7,277
Construction-in-progress		1,633		1,504
		11,404		11,127
Accumulated depreciation		(4,201)		(4,074)
	$	7,203	$	7,053

Depreciation expense amounted to $127 million and $140 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

During 2022, the company completed an evaluation of the estimated useful lives of its manufacturing equipment, buildings and certain assembly and test equipment. The company utilized a third-party appraiser to assist in the evaluation, which was performed as a result of the company’s experience with the duration over which its equipment can be utilized. Effective July 1, 2022, Ball revised the estimated useful lives of its equipment and buildings, which resulted in a net reduction in depreciation expense of approximately $25 million ($19 million after tax, or $0.06 per diluted share) for the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the amount of depreciation expense that would have been recognized by utilizing the prior depreciable lives. This change in useful lives is expected to reduce depreciation expense by approximately $51 million ($39 million after tax, or $0.12 per diluted share) for the six months ending June 30, 2023.

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As discussed in Note 4, in the second quarter of 2022, Ball recorded a non-cash impairment charge related to its Russian long-lived asset group, of which $296 million related to property, plant and equipment associated with the company’s Russian aluminum beverage packaging business, which resulted in fully impairing the assets that were subsequently disposed through the sale of the Russia aluminum beverage packaging business. See Note 4 for further details.

11. Goodwill


($ in millions)	Beverage Packaging, North & Central America		Beverage Packaging, EMEA		Beverage Packaging, South America		Aerospace		Other		Total

Balance at December 31, 2022	$	1,275	$	1,342	$	1,298	$	40	$	280	$	4,235
Effects of currency exchange		—		12		—		—		8		20
Balance at March 31, 2023	$	1,275	$	1,354	$	1,298	$	40	$	288	$	4,255

12. Intangible Assets, Net


	March 31,		December 31,
($ in millions)	2023		2022

Acquired customer relationships and other intangibles (net of accumulated amortization and impairment losses of $951 million at March 31, 2023, and $914 million at December 31, 2022)	$	1,291	$	1,320
Capitalized software (net of accumulated amortization of $208 million at March 31, 2023, and $204 million at December 31, 2022)		82		80
Other intangibles (net of accumulated amortization of $96 million at March 31, 2023, and $99 million at December 31, 2022)		16		17
	$	1,389	$	1,417

Total amortization expense of intangible assets amounted to $39 million and $45 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

As discussed in Note 4, in the second quarter of 2022, Ball recorded a non-cash impairment charge related to its Russian long-lived asset group, of which $131 million related to acquired customer relationships and other intangibles associated with the company’s Russian aluminum beverage packaging business, which resulted in fully impairing the assets that were subsequently disposed through the sale of the Russia aluminum beverage packaging business.

13. Other Assets


	March 31,		December 31,
($ in millions)	2023		2022

Long-term pension assets	$	367	$	355
Right-of-use operating lease assets		418		434
Investments in affiliates		198		193
Long-term deferred tax assets		70		73
Other		702		660
	$	1,755	$	1,715

Investments in affiliates primarily includes the company’s 50 percent ownership interest in an entity in Guatemala, a 50 percent ownership interest in an entity in Panama, a 50 percent ownership interest in an entity in Vietnam and a 50 percent ownership interest in an entity in the U.S.

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14. Leases

The company enters into operating leases for buildings, warehouses, office equipment, production equipment, aircraft, land and other types of equipment. The company also enters into finance leases for certain plant equipment.

Supplemental balance sheet information related to the company’s leases follows:


		March 31,		December 31,
($ in millions)	Balance Sheet Location	2023		2022

Operating leases:
Operating lease ROU asset	Other assets	$	418	$	434
Current operating lease liabilities	Other current liabilities		90		91
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities	Other liabilities		333		349
Finance leases:
Finance lease ROU assets, net	Property, plant and equipment, net		10		11
Current finance lease liabilities	Short-term debt and current portion of long-term debt		2		2
Noncurrent finance lease liabilities	Long-term debt		9		10

15. Debt

Long-term debt consisted of the following:


	March 31,		December 31,
($ in millions)	2023		2022

Senior Notes
4.00% due November 2023	$	1,000	$	1,000
0.875%, euro denominated, due March 2024		813		803
5.25% due July 2025		1,000		1,000
4.875% due March 2026		750		750
1.50%, euro denominated, due March 2027		596		589
6.875% due March 2028		750		750
2.875% due August 2030		1,300		1,300
3.125% due September 2031		850		850
Senior Credit Facility (at variable rates)
U.S. dollar revolver due June 2027 (6.03% - 2023)		800		200
Term A loan due June 2027 (6.06% - 2023)		1,350		1,350
Finance lease obligations		11		12
Other (including debt issuance costs)		(56)		(61)
		9,164		8,543
Less: Current portion		(1,842)		(1,003)
	$	7,322	$	7,540

The company’s senior credit facilities include long-term multi-currency revolving facilities that mature in June 2027, which provide the company with up to the U.S. dollar equivalent of $1.75 billion. At March 31, 2023, $890 million was available under these revolving credit facilities. In addition to these facilities, the company had $361 million of committed short-term loans outstanding. The company also had approximately $1.02 billion of short-term uncommitted credit facilities available at March 31, 2023, of which $153 million was outstanding and due on demand. At December 31, 2022, the company had $112 million outstanding under short-term uncommitted credit facilities.

The fair value of Ball’s long-term debt was estimated to be $8.61 billion and $7.99 billion at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The fair value reflects the market rates at each period end for debt with credit ratings similar to the company’s ratings and is classified as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy. Rates currently available to the company for loans with similar terms and maturities are used to estimate the fair value of long-term debt based on discounted cash flows.

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The U.S. note agreements and bank credit agreement contain certain restrictions relating to dividend payments, share repurchases, investments, financial ratios, guarantees and the incurrence of additional indebtedness. The company’s most restrictive debt covenant requires it to maintain a leverage ratio (as defined) of no greater than 5.0 times, which will change to 4.5 times as of September 30, 2025. Ball was in compliance with the leverage ratio requirement at March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022.

16. Taxes on Income

The company’s effective tax rate was 19.2 percent and 18.5 percent for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. As compared to the statutory U.S. tax rate, the effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2023, was reduced by 2.9 percentage points for federal tax credits, and increased by 1.2 percentage points for U.S. state and local taxes, net. As compared to the statutory U.S. tax rate, the effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2022, was reduced by 2.3 percentage points for share-based compensation, reduced by 1.5 percentage points for changes in deferred taxes on the investment in its Russian business, and increased by 1.3 percentage points for the sale of the Ball Metalpack equity method investment.

17. Employee Benefit Obligations


	March 31,		December 31,
($ in millions)	2023		2022

Underfunded defined benefit pension liabilities	$	456	$	423
Less: Current portion		(22)		(21)
Long-term defined benefit pension liabilities		434		402
Long-term retiree medical liabilities		90		94
Deferred compensation plans		267		286
Other		33		65
	$	824	$	847

Components of net periodic benefit cost associated with the company’s defined benefit pension plans were as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023						2022
($ in millions)	U.S.		Non-U.S.		Total		U.S.		Non-U.S.		Total

Ball-sponsored plans:
Service cost	$	13	$	1	$	14	$	22	$	3	$	25
Interest cost		21		21		42		13		13		26
Expected return on plan assets		(28)		(25)		(53)		(27)		(17)		(44)
Amortization of prior service cost		—		1		1		—		1		1
Recognized net actuarial loss		1		—		1		7		1		8
Total net periodic benefit cost

Form: 10-Q

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